Fall 1992
"敘事"專題研究
(A Graduate Seminar on Narrative)
授課教師：朱元鴻 (Yuan-horng Chu)
授課班級：A Graduate Seminar
課程簡介：
美麗動人的故事有美學上的價值。然而說故事與社會學有什麼關係？“敘事”與認知、道德、自我、階級、民族、權力、支配、革命這些社會學關鍵詞之間有什麼關係？從社會化伊始，三、四歲的幼童就對聽故事有永不厭倦的興趣。從小學教科書裡一篇篇的故事，我們不但學語文，還學公民與道德。從孩童時告狀講理，到成人世界的法律訴訟，我們都在學習如何在敘事競爭中生存。每個古老文明都有賴故事的支撐，小從廿四孝、忠義節烈傳（奇）、大到廿四史帝王系譜、大時代的故事。每個現代社會也都少不了敘事的基礎建設，從國家節慶、博物館、紀念碑、到傳播敘事的新聞媒體。統治者需要以敘事表現來維繫一個合法的傳統。革命家則不但需要一個絕然不同的“story”來啟蒙群眾，還需要一個“scenario”來允諾解放。個人或集體的記憶都藉著敘事而建構；脫離了敘事架構，民族認同、階級認同、自我認同都不可能。
古典社會學理論沒有認識到“敘事”這個議題的重要。然而馬克思的階級鬥爭史觀、涂爾幹的社會分工史觀、韋伯的理性化過程，這些敘事的主題與情節卻支配了百年來的社會學想像。馬克思的“大敘事”（grand
narrative）尤其在廿世紀鼓舞了半個世界的激情。而近年來理論界熱衷的“現代／後現代”爭議不仍然是敘事情節的競爭？
社會學研究方法也不外乎是各種系統化的敘事策略。歷史研究法在已有的敘事材料上排比出新的敘事；田野觀察則記錄研究對象的聲音、符號、乃至故事，再提鍊出研究者的敘事；而量化研究每一個包含時間軸線的統計圖表不都是個精巧的敘事？
“敘事”專題討論課將介紹許多不同的敘事分析，探討敘事與認知、道德、權力、認同等社會學議題的關係，以及敘事在後設理論以及後設方法論上的重要性。
課程要求：
一、 課堂討論參與，佔總成績百分之四十。
二、 學期研究報告計畫（一千字），十二月十八日繳交，佔總成績百分之十。
三、 學期研究報告，可是選定題材的敘事分析或是理論的探討（八千至一萬字）一月十六日繳交。
佔總成績百分之五十。
課程進度：
9/18* Course Introduction
9/25 Marginal Notes
Walter Benjamin, "The storyteller," in Illuminations, New York:
Schocken Books, 1968, pp.83-110.
Maurice Blanchot, "The Narrative Voice," in The Gaze of Orpheus,
Barrytwon, NY: Station Hill, 1981, pp.133-144.
Jacques Derrida, "The Law of Genre," in On Narrative, ed. By
W.J.T. Mitchell, University of Chicago Press, 1980, pp.51-78.
10/2 On Narrative
Hayden White, "The Value of Narrativity in the Representation of Reality,"
in On Narrative, pp.1-24.
Frank Kermode, "Secrets and Narrative Sequence," in On Narrative,
pp.79-98.
Nelson Goodman, "Twisted Tales; or Story, Study and Symphony," in On
Narrative, pp.99-116.
Seymour Chatman, "What Novels Can Do That Films Can*t (and Vice Versa),"
in On Narrative, pp.117-136.
Victor Turner, "Social Dramas and Stories about Them," in On Narrative,
pp.137-164.
10/9 On Narrative Afterthoughts
On Narrative, pp.187-265.
10/16 Semiotic Narrative:
Roland Barthes, "Introduction to the Structural Analysis of Narrative,"
in Barthes: Selected Writings, ed. By Susan Sontag, Oxford Univ.
Press, 1982, pp.251-95.
Algirdas Julien Greimas, "Elements of a Narrative Grammar," "A Problem
of Narrative Semiotics: Objects of Value," in On Meaning: Selected Writings
in semiotic Theory, Univ. of Minnesota Press, 1987, pp.63-105.
Tzvetan Todorov, "The Two Principles of Narrative," in Genres in
Discourse, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1990, pp.27-38.
10/23 Psychoanalytic Narrative:
Roy Schafer, "Narration in the Psychoanalytic Dialogue," in On Narrative,
pp.25-49.
Michel de Certeau, "The Freudian Novel: History and Literature," in
Heterologies:
Discourse on the Other, University of Minnesota Press, 1986, pp.17-34.
Robert Con Davis, "Introduction, Lacan and Narration," and Regis Durand,
"On Aphanisis: A Note on the Dramaturgy of the Subject in Narrative Analysis,"
in Lacan and Narration: The Psychoanalytic Difference in Narrative Theory,
ed. by Robert Con Davis, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press,
1983, pp.848-870.
10/30 Hermeneutics and Narrative:
Paul Ricoeur, "Narrative Time," in On Narrative, pp.165-186.
── , "The Narrative Function," in Hermeneutics & the
Human Sciences, Cambridge University Press, 1981, pp.274-296.
── , "Between Lived Time and Universal Time: Historical Time"
and "The Reality of the Past" in Time and Narrative, vol.3, University
of Chicago Press, 1988, pp.104-126, 142-156.
11/6 History and Fiction
Paul Ricoeur, "The Interweaving of History and Fiction," in Time
and Narrative, vol.3, pp.180-192.
Michel de Certeau, "History, Science and Fiction" in Heterologies:
Discourse on the Other, pp.199-221.
Hayden White, Metahistory: The Historical Imagination in 19th-Century
Europe, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978, pp.81-100, 121-134.
Hayden White, "The Historical Text as Literary Artifact" and "The Fictions
of Factual Representation" in Tropics of Discourse, Baltimore, John
Hopkins University Press, 1978, pp.81-100, 121-134.
11/13 Propp and Folk-narratives
Vladimir Propp, Theory and History of Folklore, University of
Minnesota Press, 1984, pp.3-15, 67-81, 100-123, 149-189.
11/20 Bakhtin and Narrative Genres
M.M. Bakhtin, "Epic and Novel," in The Dialogic Imagination,
Austin TX, University of Texas Press, 1981, pp.3-40.
Julia Kristeva, "Word, Dialogue and Novel," in Toril Moi ed. The
Kristeva Reader, Columbia University Press, 1986, pp.34-61.
11/27 Jameson's Marxian Narrative:
Fredric Jameson, "Preface" and "Magical Narratives," in The Political
Unconscious: Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act, Ithaca, NY: Cornell
University Press, pp.9-14, 103-150.
── , "The Vanishing Mediator; or, Max Weber as Storyteller,"
in The Ideologies of Theory: (vol.2) Syntax of History, Minneapolis:
University of Minnesota Press, 1988, pp.3-34.
12/4 Paganism and Narrative:
J-F. Lyotard, "Lessons in Paganism" in The Lyotard Reader, ed.
by Andrew Benjamin, Oxford: Basil Bleckwell, 1989, pp.122-154.
J-F. Lyotard, "The Sign of History" in The Differend, University
of Minnesota Press, 1988, pp.151-181.
12/11 The Saints, the Oriental, and the Subaltern
Michel de Certeau, "A Variant: Hagio-graphical Edification," in The
Writing of History, Columbia University Press, 1988, pp.151-181.
Edward Said, Orientalism, New York: Vintage Books, 1978, pp.1-28.
Gayatri Spivak, "Subaltern Studies: Deconstructing Historiography,"
in In Other World, New York: Routledge, 1988, pp.197-221.
Philippe Lejeune, "The Autobiography of Those Who Do Not Write," in
On
Autobiography, University of Minnesota Press, 1989, pp.185-215.
12/18 Narrative and Identity Politics
Popular Memory Group, "Popular Memory: Theory, Politics, Method," in
Richard Johnson et al. ed. Making Histories: Studies in History-writing
and Politics, the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, University
of Birmingham, 1982, pp.205-252.
Homi Bhabha, " DisseminNation: Time, Narrative, and the Margins of
the Modern Nation," in H. Bhabha ed. Nation and Narration, London:
Routledge, 1990, pp.291-322.
（Research Proposal Due）
12/25* Holiday
1/1* Holiday
1/8 Discussions
"敘事"專題研究 
